ESTADOS UNIDOS.- Te contamos las efemérides del 16 de julio, los hechos más importantes ocurrieron en una fecha como hoy entre 1661 y 2022.
1600
1661.- El Banco de Estocolmo, de Johan Palmstruck, la primera entidad en emitir papel moneda en Europa.
1700
1769.- El fraile español Junípero Serra fundó la misión de San Diego de Alcalá, la primera de las nueve que creó en California.
1782.- Estreno de la ópera “El secuestro en el serrallo”, de Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, en el Burgtheater vienés.
1800
1809.- Un grupo de revolucionarios bolivianos, encabezados por Pedro Domingo Murillo, asaltaron el cuartel español en La Paz y crearon la Junta Tuitiva. Más tarde reemplazado por un gobierno de Murillo, pero la rebelión fue aplastada.
1838.- Juan Pablo Duarte y otros dominicanos fundaron la sociedad secreta “La Trinitaria” para luchar por su independencia, bajo dominio haitiano durante 16 años.
1865.- Las tropas del emperador mexicano Maximiliano derrotan a los patriotas del general José María Arteaga en la batalla de Cerro Hueco, cerca de Tacámbaro (Michoacán).
1866.- Comienza la batalla de Boquerón del Sauce, en Ñeembucú (Paraguay), que enfrenta a las tropas paraguayas contra las de la Triple Alianza (argentina, uruguaya y brasileña) durante 3 días. Murieron alrededor de 8.500 combatientes.
1898.- Las tropas españolas firman el armisticio y la capitulación de Santiago de Cuba con las americanas, que entran en la ciudad al día siguiente.
1900
1920.- Entró en vigor el Tratado de Saint-Germain en-Laye, que acordó la paz entre los aliados y Austria después de la Primera Guerra Mundial y desmembró el Imperio Austro-Húngaro.
1927.- Augusto César Sandino inicia su lucha armada contra la ocupación militar estadounidense de Nicaragua en la batalla de Ocotal.
1930.- Firma del tratado entre Guatemala y Honduras que resuelve el centenario diferendo fronterizo.
1931.- El Emperador de Etiopía, Haile Selassie, promulga la primera Constitución, que cambia la monarquía absoluta por un sistema constitucional bicameral.
1941.- II Guerra Mundial: Fuerzas alemanas ocupan Smolensko (Rusia).
[1945.- First US atomic explosion in the Álamo Gordo desert, in New Mexico, the “Trinity” test, of 21 kilotons.
1950.- Uruguay wins the soccer World Cup in Rio de Janeiro against Brazil (2-1), known by the “Maracanazo”.
1951.- The first edition of the novel “Cathcer in the rye” (The Catcher in the Rye), by JD Salinger, is published.
1955.- The primate of the Hungarian Church, Cardinal Josef Mindszenty, who has been serving a life sentence since 1949, is placed under house arrest for his health.
1965.- Official inauguration of the 11.6 kilometer Mont Blanc tunnel in the Alps between France and Italy. Three days later it was opened to traffic.
1969.- Apollo XI is launched from Cape Canaveral, with Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins. The first two set foot on the Moon four days later.
1970.- They found in Timote, 380 kilometers from Buenos Aires, the body of the former provisional Argentine president, Lieutenant General Eugenio Aramburu, kidnapped in May, murdered and buried under lime by the “montoneros”.
1973.- Alexander Butterfield reveals to the Senate Watergate Committee the existence of conversations recorded by US President Richard Nixon.
1976.- They find the body of the Spanish diplomat Carmelo Soria, kidnapped two days before in Santiago de Chile by agents of Pinochet’s secret police, who tortured him to death.
1980.- Juan Antonio Samaranch is elected president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), in Moscow.
1988.- The American Florence Griffith-Joyner establishes the world record of the 100 smooth (10.49), in Indianapolis.
1990.- The Ukrainian Parliament declares the sovereignty of the second most important republic of the USSR.
1992.- The attack on “Tarata” street, with a car bomb belonging to the terrorist group Sendero Luminoso, caused 25 deaths in the affluent Lima district of Miraflores (Peru).
nineteen ninety five.- Jeff Bezos opens Amazon to sell books over the Internet about a project started a year earlier as Cadabra.
1999.- John Kennedy Jr., son of the former US president, died in an aviation accident when the plane he was flying crashed. His wife, Carolyn Bessette, and his sister-in-law Lauren are killed.
2000
2000.- Florentino Pérez wins his first elections for the Presidency of Real Madrid, in which he prevails over Lorenzo Sanz.
.- Leak of 4 million liters of oil from a pipeline between the port of Sao Francisco and the Getulio Vargas refinery that reaches the Barigui river, a tributary of the Iguazú, in Brazil.
2001.- Jacques Rogge, a Belgian surgeon, is elected president of the IOC, succeeding Juan Antonio Samaranch.
2002.- The terrorist organization IRA apologizes to the families of the more than 600 people murdered in 30 years in Ulster.
2004.- 91 children die and a hundred are injured in the fire at a school in Kumbakonam (India).
2015.- The Spanish Congress reforms the abortion law that prevents minors from terminating their pregnancy without parental permission. In force from September 23.
2017.- 98 percent of Venezuelan voters, summoned by the opposition, reject a National Constituent Assembly promoted by President Maduro.
2019.- The European Parliament confirms the German Ursula von der Leyen as president of the European Commission.
.- Former Peruvian President Alejandro, accused in his country of corruption in the Odebrecht case, is imprisoned in the United States.
BIRTHS
- 1486.- Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter.
- 1723.- Joshua Reynolds, English painter.
- 1796.- Jean Baptiste Corot, French painter.
- 1872.- Roald Amundsen, Norwegian explorer.
- 1907.- Barbara Stanwyck, American actress.
- 1911.- Ginger Rogers, American dancer and actress.
- 1929.- Carmelo Alonso Bernaola, Spanish composer.
- 1942.- Víctor Monge, “Serranito”, Spanish guitarist.
- 1948.- Rubén Blades, Panamanian musician and politician.
- 1958.- Jaime Abelló, Colombian media expert and general director of the Gabo Foundation.
- 1964.- Miguel Induráin, Spanish excicist.
- 1974.- Laura Espido Freire, Spanish writer.
- 1988.- Sergio Busquets, Spanish footballer.
- 1989.- Gareth Bale, former Welsh footballer.
- 1990.- Antón Álvarez, Spanish singer known as “C. Tangana”.
DEATHS
- 1896.- Edmond de Goncourt, French writer.
- 1985.- Heinrich Boll, German writer and Nobel 1972.
- 1989.- Herbert von Karajan, Austrian conductor.
- 1989.- Nicolás Guillén, Cuban poet.
- 1991.- Robert Motherwell, American painter.
- 2002.- Joseph Luns, Dutch politician and former Secretary General of NATO.
- 2003.- Celia Cruz, Cuban singer.
- 2004.- Charles William Sweeney, pilot who dropped the atomic bomb on Nagasaki.
- 2015.- Alcides Ghiggia, Uruguayan soccer player and hero of the “Maracanazo”.
- 2019.- Rosa María Britton, Panamanian writer.
- 2021.- José María Gay de Liébana, Spanish economist.
- 2021.- Biz Markie, American rapper.
CATHOLIC SAINTS
- Our Lady of Mount Carmel
- Saint Antiochus of Anastasiopolis
- saint athenogenes
- Saint Helerius of Jersey
- Saint Mary Magdalene Poster
- Saint Sisenando of Córdoba
- Saint Teresa Zhang Hezhi and two children
- Blessed Aimée de Jesús de Gordon and Companions
- Blessed Bartholomew of the Fernandes Martyrs
- Blessed Irmengardis of Frauenwörth
- Blessed Nicholas Savouret
- Blessed Simon da Costa
CELEBRATIONS
- Patronal festivities with the Feria del Carmen.
EL IMPARCIAL, ahora en su versión en web online, es el periódico líder al Noroeste de México y en Sonora, con una cobertura informativa oportuna y veraz en materia de noticias de actualidad y relevantes.