ESTADOS UNIDOS.- Te contamos las efemérides del 8 de agostolos hechos más importantes que ocurrieron en una fecha como hoy entre 1508 y 2022.
1500
1508.- El explorador español Juan Ponce de León funda Caparra, el primer asentamiento europeo en Puerto Rico.
1588.- El desastre de la ‘Armada Invencible’ enviada por Felipe II contra Inglaterra culmina tras ser atacada por barcos cargados de explosivos de la armada inglesa.
1700
1774.- El explorador español Juan Pérez descubre a bordo de la fragata ‘Santiago’ la costa occidental de Canadá y la isla de Quadra, hoy Vancouver.
1776.- Carlos III fechó en San Ildefonso la Real Cédula de creación del virreinato del Río de la Plata, actual Argentina.
1779.- Una erupción del Vesubio destruye la ciudad italiana de Ottajano.
1800
1876.- Thomas Edison obtiene la patente de impresión autográfica.
1897.- Asesinato del Presidente del Consejo de Ministros Antonio Cánovas del Castillo por un anarquista, en la localidad de Santa Agueda (Guipúzcoa).
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1900
1908.- Los hermanos Wright y los aviadores (EEUU) sobrevuelan por primera vez el espacio aéreo europeo en el hipódromo de Hunaudieres (Francia).
1912.- Explosión de grisú en una mina de carbón en Bochun (Alemania): 320 muertos.
1919.- El Tratado de Rawalpindi pone fin a la tercera guerra en Afganistán.
1925.- Más de cincuenta mil miembros del Ku Klux Klan protagonizan una marcha en Washington desde el Capitolio hasta el Monumento a George Washington.
1929.- Estalló un movimiento revolucionario en Colombia, y graves desórdenes en Cartagena y Tolima.
1931.- Estalló una revuelta en Cuba contra la dictadura del general Machado. Se produjeron violentos combates durante dos semanas, que causaron numerosas muertes.
[1945.- II World War: The USSR declares war on Japan.
[1945.- The president of the United States, Harry S. Truman, signs the letter of the United Nations in Washington.
1951.-A fire destroys the Cathedral and the National Theater in San Salvador.
1955.- Fidel Castro forms the “July 26 Movement”, a revolutionary organization of the Cuban vanguard.
1958.- The Spanish painter Salvador Dalí and Gala get married.
1963.- An organized group assaults the Glasgow-London train and seizes 2 thousand 631 million pounds sterling.
1966.- The Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party approves the “Decision on the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” with which the so-called Red August in Beijing and the “Red Terror” explode.
1967.- The newspaper ABC Color is founded in Asunción (Paraguay), which will be persecuted and closed during the dictatorship of General Stroessner.
1974.- Resignation of the US president, Richard Nixon, due to the ‘Watergate scandal’.
1979.- The Iraqi president, Saddam Hussein, executes 22 opponents under the pretext of wanting to overthrow him.
1983.- Coup d’état in Guatemala: Defense Minister, Oscar Mejía Víctores, seizes power and replaces General Efrain Ríos Montt.
1988.- The UN announces a ceasefire between Iran and Iraq after eight years of war.
1988.- The US Secretary of State, George Shultz, emerges unharmed from a failed attack in La Paz (Bolivia).
2000
2000.- Augusto Pinochet loses his parliamentary immunity by decision of the Supreme Court of Chile and is exposed to prosecution for human rights violations that occurred during his 17-year dictatorship.
2001.- NASA manages, after five failed attempts, to launch the Genesis probe into space, with the mission of showing the solar wind and the material that formed the planets.
2005.- The Argentine police detain the Serbian Milan Lukic, accused by the Tribunal of The Hague for crimes in Bosnia.
2007.- Frustrated desertion of the Cuban boxers Gillermo Rigondeaux and Erislandy Lara, prior to the Boxing World Cup in the United States and the Beijing Olympics.
2010.- Mud and rock avalanches, caused by torrential rains, buried the Chinese region of Zhouqu, in the province of Gansu, and caused 1,435 deaths.
2012.- The transitory National Council of Libya officially returns power to the People’s Congress.
2016.- The EU publishes more than a thousand unpublished documents on the “dirty war” during the dictatorship in Argentina (1976-1983).
2018.- Colombia recognizes Palestine as a “free, independent and sovereign State”.
2019.- After the rejection of the abortion law in Argentina the previous year, the International Day of Action for Two Lives began to be celebrated in cities throughout Latin America.
2020.-The government of Mauritius declares a “state of environmental emergency” due to an oil spill caused by a ship stranded on its coasts.
2022.- The actress and singer Olivia Newton-John dies at the age of 73, after two decades of fighting breast cancer.
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births
- 1879.- Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary.
- 1919.- Dino de Laurentis, Italian film producer.
- 1921.- Esther Williams, American actress and swimmer.
- 1929.- José Luis Borau, Spanish filmmaker.
- 1937.- Jorge Cafrune, Argentine singer.
- 1937.-Dustin Hoffman, American actor.
- 1953.- Nigel Mansell, British Formula-1 driver.
- 1956.- Cecilia Roth, Argentine actress.
- 1959.- Sheikha Mozah bint Nasser, former Sheikha of Qatar.
- 1964.- Giuseppe Conte, Italian politician.
- 1981.- Roger Federer, Swiss tennis player.
- 1988.- Beatriz de York, granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II.
deaths
- 1588.- Alonso Sánchez Coello, Spanish painter.
- 1985.- Louise Brooks, American actress and writer.
- 1988.- Robert Ricci, French Haute Couture businessman.
- 1996.- Sir Frank Whittle, British inventor.
- 2003.- Antonis Samarakis, Greek writer and pacifist.
- 2006.- Gustavo Arcos, Cuban dissident.
- 2010.- Patricia Neal, American actress.
- 2012.- Sancho Gracia, Spanish actor.
- 2017.- Jorge Zorreguieta, Argentine politician, father of Queen Máxima of the Netherlands.
- 2020.- Pere Casaldàliga, Spanish bishop, defender of indigenous rights.
- 2022.- Mario Fiorentini, Italian partisan, the most decorated for his fight against Nazism.
catholic saints
- Santo Domingo de Guzman
- Saint Altman of Passau
- Saint Emilian of Cyzicus
- Saint Eusebius of Milan
- Saint Famiano of Galese
- San Marino de Anazarbe
- Saint Mummolo of Bordeaux
- Saint Paul Ke Tingzhu
- Saint Severus of Vienne
- Blessed Antonio Silvestre Moya
celebrations
- International day of female orgasm.
- International Cat Day.
- Sweden: Queen’s day.
- taiwan: Father’s day.
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